Hornwort family: Ceratophyllaceae. dispersed across the world’s moderately warm regions.

A plant with long stems that has reddish stems and dark green leaves that resemble needles. grows in the column of water. Because hornwort grows so quickly and is so unassuming, it is very popular among aquarium enthusiasts.
There is evidence of the seasonality of hornwort growth in both natural and aquarium environments. Growth slows down in the winter, when hornwort sinks to the bottom and only keeps its apical shoots.
In any type of aquarium—cold, warm, or tropical—hornwort can be grown. The plant grows incredibly fast in water that is between 24 and 28 °C. Particularly beneficial for it is moderately hard water with a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction. Hornwort grows slightly worse in soft water that reacts acidically. The plant requires water that is changed often and fresh. Particles of turbidity settle on the hornwort quickly, detracting from its appearance. In addition, the plant can withstand leaf fouling and plaque development fairly consistently. After being cleaned with fresh running water, filthy branches should be put back in the aquarium.
Special consideration needs to be given to light. The plant is very photophilous despite its dark hue. Diffused natural light works best for it. It is preferable to shield the hornwort from the sun. Seldom do algae settle on leaves.
Enough artificial lighting should be available. Both incandescent and LB-type fluorescent lights are suitable; the power of each lamp needs to be at least 0.3 W per liter of aquarium volume.
It should be mentioned that the plant’s color appears somewhat duller in artificial lighting than it does in natural lighting. There should be a substantial amount of daylight—roughly 14 hours—(preferably at least 12 hours).
Supplements of minerals are not necessary for hornwort, as it contains sufficient minerals from fish meal and fresh water. The plant can be planted in the ground or allowed to float in the water column. Its extremely feeble root system is not very important for nutrition.
When the lighting gets worse in the fall, hornwort growth slows down and its stems sink to the bottom. Growth lasts for a considerable amount of time if artificial lighting and a high water temperature are maintained, but the dormant phase persists afterwards. The plant holds onto its apical buds when the water temperature falls to 12 to 14 °C; these buds will eventually sprout new stems in the spring.
Dividing the stem of hornwort makes propagation incredibly simple. It only takes a tiny bit of the stem to produce a new plant.
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